Working Principle Of Shock Absorbers

In the suspension system, vibration is generated by the impact of elastic components. In order to improve the smoothness of car driving, shock absorbers are installed in parallel with the elastic components in the suspension. To attenuate vibration, hydraulic shock absorbers are commonly used in the suspension system of cars. Their working principle is that when relative motion occurs due to vibration between the frame (or body) and the axle, the pistons inside the shock absorbers move up and down, The oil in the shock absorber cavity repeatedly flows from one cavity through different pores into another cavity. At this point, the friction between the hole wall and the oil and the internal friction between the oil molecules form a damping force on the vibration, converting the vibration energy of the car into oil thermal energy, which is then absorbed and dissipated into the atmosphere by the shock absorber. When the cross-sectional area and other factors of the oil channel remain unchanged, the damping force increases or decreases with the relative motion speed between the frame and the axle (or wheel), and is related to the oil viscosity.